Callus formation to reproduce somatic embryos of arabica coffee cultivar TN1

Abstract

Four research contents including: 1) Identify a sterilization method for leaf samples; 2) Determine the influence of growth stimulants on callus development of leaves; 3) Assess the capacity of callus growth in shaked solutions; 4) Investigate culture conditions on embryonic reproduction from callus in liquid medium were carried out on the new cultivar TN1 of Arabica coffee. Results showed that the highest percent of aseptic leaf samples was from the sterilization by 10% calcium hypochlorite solution in 15 minutes. MS medium added with 1 mg/l 2.4D and 2 mg/l Kin gave leaf samples producing the most quantity of calluses. Features of these calluses are lemon yellow, tough, and able to produce embryos. 1/2 MS medium added with 0.5 mg/l 2ip was the best to increase the callus biomass. Reproductive embryos were the best in the 1/2 MS liquid medium without growth stimulants.