Analysis of expression level of several cytokines and growth factors in cerespinal fluids extracted from spina bifida, transverse myelitis, and paralysis

Abstract

Recent studies have indicated that there is an association between expression levels of cytokines and growth factors with different pathologies, including neuron damage disease. In this study, we used Luminex assay to analyse expression levels of several cytokines and growth factors in cerebral spinal fluids (CSF) of patients with neuron inflammation or damage including spina bida (SB), transverse myelitis (TM), and paralysis. Results showed that we had detected the expression of 22 factors, including ten inflammatory cytokines, six anti-inflammatory cytokines, and six growth factors, in the CSF isolated from patients. A group of factors expressed higher compared to others, including inflammatory cytokines (GM-CSF, IL-6, and TNF-α); anti-inflammatory cytokines (APRIL and IL-33R); and growth factors (GDF-15 và G-CSF). A group of factors that expressed lower compared to other factors includes inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β và IFN-γ), antiinflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and BAFF), and growth factors (BMP-9, EGF, and NGF-β). Interestingly, two factors of IL-6 and GDF-15 expressed higher in CSF originated from paralysis patients compared to SB and TM patients, while IL-17A and TNF-α expressed higher in paralysis patients compared to TM, but not SB. Two factors of IL-21 and TNF-α expressed higher in CSF from SB compared to TM. Results from this study are novel and significant to contribute to the knowledge of cytokine and growth factor profiles in the CSF of SB, TM, and paralysis patients. However, it requires more investigation to develop these results into markers for
disease diagnosis.