Research on the construction of hazardous medical solid waste discharge coefficients in Quang Ninh and Ha Nam provinces

Abstract

Medical facilities discharge a great amount of hazardous solid waste during their operation. It is important to construct a disposal coefficient of hazardous medical solid waste in each type of medical facility to manage hazardous solid waste efficiently. This is the basis for forecasting the quantity of generated medical hazardous solid, which helps to enhance the management of medical hazardous solid waste, particularly in Quang Ninh and Ha Nam provinces. The results from 302 medical facilities in Quang Ninh province and 225 medical facilities in Ha Nam province show that central hospitals generate an average of 0.26-0.42 kg of medical solid waste per bed per day (p.b.p.d); the provincial hospitals generate 0.20-0.35 kg of solid waste p.b.p.d; provincial clinic centres generate 0.24-0.83 kg of solid waste per centre per day; the cottage hospitals generate 0.09-0.25 kg of waste p.b.p.d; the cottage clinic centres 0.06-0.15 kg of solid waste p.b.p.d; the commune health stations generate 0.04-0.2 kg of solid waste p.b.p.d; the private clinics generate 0.12-1.2 kg of solid waste per facility per day, respectively. The solid waste discharge coefficients calculated in this study are consistent with countries with an average income level.