Environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Mikania micrantha Kunth extract

Abstract

In this study, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using a reduction method that incorporated Mikania micrantha Kunth extract as a natural reducing agent, alongside polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for stabilisation purposes. Key factors that influence the size and morphology of the nanoparticles, including the concentrations of silver nitrate, extract concentration, and reaction time, were investigated with the goal of producing Ag nanoparticles with the desired shape and size. Optimal conditions for synthesising the silver nanoparticles from Mikania micrantha Kunth extract include using an AgNO₃ concentration of 0.030 M, an extract concentration of 2.50 mg/ml, and a reaction time of 90 minutes at room temperature. The results obtained from ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential analysis, silver nanoparticles were successfully produced with an average size of about 47.1 nm. The silver nanoparticles synthesised from Mikania micrantha Kunth are environmentally friendly and have promising applications for future developments in nanotechnology.