Effect of transplanting density and chemical fertiliser application rate on the growth and yield of Huong Thanh 10 rice variety in Thanh Hoa province

Abstract

This study aimed to determine appropriate transplanting densities and chemical fertiliser rates for the Huong Thanh 10 rice variety in Thanh Hoa province. The experiment was conducted during the Spring and Summer crops of 2024 using a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot factor was the fertiliser rate per hectare with N:P₂O₅:K₂O ratios. In the Spring crop, the treatments were P1: 80:70:60 kg/ha, P2: 90:80:70 kg/ha, P3: 100:90:80 kg/ha, and P4: 110:100:90 kg/ha. In the Summer crop, the treatments were P1: 70:60:50 kg/ha, P2: 80:70:60 kg/ha, P3: 90:80:70 kg/ha, and P4: 100:90:80 kg/ha. The subplot factor was transplanting density: M1: 30 hills/m², M2: 40 hills/m², and M3: 50 hills/m². The results showed that growth duration, maximum number of tillers, number of filled grains per panicle, and 1,000-grain weight were the highest at a transplanting density of 30 hills/m² with fertiliser treatment P3. The highest actual yield was recorded in the M2P3 treatment, reaching 6.8 tonnes/ha in the Spring crop and 4.6 tonnes/ha in the Summer crop. This corresponded to a transplanting density of 40 hills/m² and fertiliser rates of 100 kg N + 90 kg P₂O₅ + 80 kg K₂O per hectare in the Spring crop, and 90 kg N + 80 kg P₂O₅ + 70 kg K₂O per hectare in the Summer crop.