Research and design of a real-time forklift monitoring system in factories using ultra-wideband technology

Abstract

Real-time locating system (RTLS) is widely used in factories to identify, track, and monitor the real-time spatial location of tagged entities within the factory premises. By providing real-time data, RTLS enhances decisionmaking processes, enabling faster responses to changing conditions and improving safety within the manufacturing environment. This article presents the research and design of an advanced system for managing and monitoring the real-time movement of vehicles within a factory’s warehouse using ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, known for its high precision in positioning applications. In this study, the authors designed and built both hardware and software components. The hardware system comprises central processing units (acting as anchors) and positioning tags attached to the monitored items. The management software, built on a web platform, includes functions to monitor the real-time movement of objects, display history, track movement frequency, and issue alerts when devices enter restricted areas. Test results show that the system operates stably in a test area of 400 m2 (with 4 anchors) and 1,200 m2 (with 8 anchors), with a position error of less than 50 cm.