Optimising the technical parameters of saponin extraction from Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook. F, grown in Tay Giang district, Quang Nam province using the ultrasound-assisted extraction

Abstract

Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook. F. belongs to the Campanulaceae family, widely grown in Tay Giang district, Quang Nam province, Vietnam. In this study, we used ultrasound-assisted extraction to conduct the process of extracting total saponin from Codonopsis javanica in Tay Giang - Quang Nam. Using the single-factor experimental method, the factors affecting the extraction process were determined: ultrasound power of 250 to 350 W, ultrasound time of 10 minutes to 20 minutes, and extraction time after ultrasound of 10 minutes to 20 minutes. From there, we built an optimised experimental matrix according to Central composite design (CCD) and optimised the appropriate technical parameters for extracting total saponin using ultrasound-assisted extraction from Codonopsis javanica in Tay Giang. The results show that at optimal conditions (ultrasonic power 281±1 W; ultrasound time 16±0.5 minutes; extraction time after ultrasound 17±0.5 minutes), total saponin content achieved at 2.5806 g/100 g. The process of extracting total saponins from Codonopsis javanica using ultrasound-assisted extraction helps reduce time and increase extraction efficiency. The results are very useful to determine the technology for producing Codonopsis javanica extract in Tay Giang, on an industrial scale, serving the development of high-value medicinal products locally.