Scientific and practical foundations for formulating strategic directions and solutions for converting salt-affected, low-efficiency agricultural land into aquaculture in the Mekong delta region

Abstract

The Mekong delta, located at the downstream end of the Mekong river and bordered by both the East sea and the West sea, is highly vulnerable to saltwater intrusion driven by tidal influences from both seas as well as water regulation structures constructed by upstream countries along the Mekong river. These factors have intensified the severity of saltwater intrusion in the region, leading to a decline in freshwater resources and posing significant threats to the agricultural ecosystem. Consequently, it is necessary to develop strategic orientations and solutions to convert salt-affected, low-efficiency agricultural land into aquaculture. This study employs field surveys combined with validation through descriptive statistical analysis and economic analysis methods. The findings provide both scientific and practical foundations for restructuring agricultural production in the Mekong delta, hence enabling to improve the efficiency of land and water use in areas affected or at risk of saltwater intrusion under the impacts of climate change and sea-level rise in the Mekong delta.