Expression of genes involving in JAK/STAT signaling pathway and inflammation in patients with lymphoma

Abstract

Lymphoma is a malignant cancer that originates from the uncontrolled growth of lymphocytes in the immune system. Lymphoma is one of the cancer types with the highest incidence and mortality rate worldwide and in Vietnam. The pathogenesis of lymphoma is characterized by various factors including the JAK/STAT signaling pathway through abnormal activation of STAT genes and the disorders of immune regulation. This study aims to determine the expression of mRNA of genes in relation to JAK/STAT pathway including Klotho, STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6 as well as immune regulatory genes LAG-3, CTLA-4, and PD-1 by realtime PCR method to explore their roles in lymphoma. At the same time, the levels of TNF-α in serum samples were also measured by ELISA method. The results showed that the relative expressions of STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5 were significantly higher while LAG-3 expression was lower in patients with lymphoma compared to controls. The TNF-α levels in lymphoma patients were 7.789 pg/ml which was dramatically higher than these of the controls. The results indicated that STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and LAG-3 might be considered as potential biomarkers for early detection of lymphoma.