Supersolidity: a new state of matter

Abstract

Supersolidity is an exotic phase of matter which has been proposed for a half of century. Unfortunately, there is a lack of evidence of its existence. Until 2004, there was a claim of finding this state in an experiment with a solid He-4 system established by Kim and Chan at Penn State University, USA. However, there is still many controversial discussions around this claim, and the existence of supersolid phase is still a mystery in science. In this paper, the authors propose several fundamental concepts associated with the supersolidity as well as its characteristics. Moreover, the authors also show the important conditions to achieve this phase in experiments and shed the light to this mysteric phase of matter. Finally, the authors discuss the potential experiments which can be a host for the supersolid phase and the other exotic phases