Study of genetic polymorphisms in d-loop region of the mitochondrial genomes from three ethnic groups: ha nhi, phu la, si la

Abstract

Our study aimed to identify the genetic polymorephism in the D-loop region of human mitochondrial genome of three ethnic minority groups namely Ha Nhi, Phu La and Si La. These ethnic minority groups belonging to the Sino-Tibetan language family live in Northwestern Vietnam provinces: Dien Bien and Lai Chau. Using the Sanger sequencing, we identified 91 variants in the mtDNA of individuals from three ethnics compared to the reference mtDNA rCRS NC_012920.1. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher exact test (2 sides). The result showed that 14 genetic variants were significantly different among three ethnic groups (p<0.05). Among them, four genetic polymorphisms were detected only in the Phu La group, including T16086C, C16167T, A16203G, and A16318G. Further analysis indicated that the mean genetic distances between individuals in each ethnic group Ha Nhi, Phu La, and Si La were 0.01, 0.01, and 0.008, respectively. The genetic distances between ethnic groups were 0.011 (Ha Nhi - Phu La), 0.0105 (Ha Nhi - Si La), and 0.0106 (Phu La - Si La). These results contribute further data to the study of genetic variations and historical origins of the Vietnamese ethnic group