Chronic inflammatory bowel disease, a rare feature of infancy in Children's Hospital No. 2: a case report

Abstract

An eight-month-old boy presented with bloody stool. The patient had a fever, loose stools, bloody stool, growth retardation, anaemia, and malnutrition. Preliminary diagnoses were enteric infections and cow’s milk protein allergy. After aggressive treatment of the infection and a restricted diet, the bloody stool is still profuse. The patient was carried out tests to find the cause of prolonged bloody stool and gastrointestinal endoscopy. Results showed that erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased, serum albumin decreased, ASCA positive, faecal calprotectin increased >800 µg/g. Ileocolonoscopy revealed continuous mucosal inflammation of the colon, starting from the rectum, and haemorrhage. Histology showed deep ulcers and chronic inflammation. He was diagnosed with chronic inflammatory bowel disease unclassified at nineteen-month-old. Treatment with complete enteral nutrition therapy, oral corticosteroids and azathioprine, after 2 months, the patient no longer had bloody stool.