Synthesis and characterisation of ZnAl-LDH by co-precipitation

Abstract

Two-dimensional layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted considerable interest due to their potential applications in energy storage, catalysis, sensing, electronics, and environmental treatment. In this study, zincaluminum layered double hydroxides (ZnAl-LDHs) were synthesised using a simple co-precipitation method involving zinc and aluminum precursors. The effects of the Zn²⁺/Al³⁺ molar ratio and the pH value of the reaction solution on the structural and morphological characteristics of ZnAl-LDH were investigated. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of characteristic hydroxyl and carbonate groups in the layered structure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed characteristic diffraction peaks of the ZnAl-LDH phase with high crystallinity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated flake-like layered structures and threedimensional coral-like clustered morphologies. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) further verified the presence of Zn and Al with an appropriate molar ratio, consistent with the theoretical model of ZnAl-LDH. The results provide a basis for the design and development of LDH materials with diverse compositions and structures to meet increasing industrial and environmental demands.